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Objective:To investigate characteristics of the 18F-flurodeoxyglucose ( 18F-FDG) uptake intensity and ranges in distinct hepatic alveolar echinococcosis lesions. Methods:The clinical data of 39 patients with position emission tomography during Jan 2017 to Dec 2019 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University were enrolled. Among them, there were 17 males and 22 females, aging from 15 to 65 years (median 34 years). Lesions were classified into six groups based on heterogenic scales of calcification and liquefaction: A. non-calcified and non-liquefied ( n=7); B. obvious calcified and non-liquefied ( n=7); C. partial calcified and partial liquefied( n=10); D. obvious calcified and partial liquefied ( n=5); E. partial calcified and subtotal liquefied ( n=5); F. obvious calcified and subtotal liquefied ( n=5). Tumor to background ratio (TBR) and width (W) of lesion infiltrative boundary were measured and calculated. Statistical comparison using Mann-Whitney U test as well as correlation analysis was performed. Results:TBR values [ M( Q1, Q3)] for each group were 4.40(3.66, 7.03), 2.55(1.69, 3.60), 3.73(3.37, 5.21), 2.90(2.75, 3.60), 3.80(3.49, 6.36), 2.49(2.21, 3.97), among which A>B, A>D, A>F, C>B, E>B ( U=3.0, 4.0, 4.5, 11.0, 5.0, all P<0.05); From the perspective of the calcification in each group, it was found that the lighter the calcification was, the greater the TBR value was. W values [ M( Q1, Q3)] for each group were [12.5(10.0, 19.5), 11.2(10.5, 12.5), 12.2(10.9, 13.2), 7.8(7.3, 9.3), 10.0(7.3, 13.4), 7.3(6.8, 7.6)] mm, among which A>D, A>F, B>D, B>F, C>D, C>F (all U=0, all P<0.05); According to the degree of calcification and liquefaction of lesions in each group, the lighter the calcification was, the greater the W value was; The heavier the liquefaction was, the smaller the W value was. A mild strength linear correlation has been observed between the TBR value and W value ( r=0.4136, P<0.05). Conclusions:Less calcification and liquefaction implicated higher 18F-FDG uptake intensity and wider range. Radical resection margins and tissue sampling should be individualized based on different lesion features in surgical treatment.
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Objective To study the correlation between regional cerebral glucose metabolism and behavioral scores in middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO)model rats before and after the intervention of constraint induced movement therapy(CIMT),and the correlation between the natural recovery processand motor function recovery in MCAO model rats and the brain activation after CIMT intervention,and to further explore the mechanism of CIMT. Methods Twenty-two adult male Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats were randomly divided into an ischemic group treated with CIMT (CIMT,n=6),an ischemic group (Control,n=6),a sham-operated group(Sham,n=6),and a blank control group(Normal,n=4). The MCAO models of rats in the CIMT group and Control group were established by thread embolism method. The middle cerebral artery was not blocked during the operation for the Sham group,and the Normal group was not given any special treatment. After operation,rats in the CIMT group and Sham group were treated with CIMT. On the 7th day(d7)and the 22nd day(d22)after surgery,foot-fault test(FFT)and the beam balance and walking (BBW) test were used to evaluate the forelimb motor;micro positron emission tomography-computed tomography (micro PET/CT) imaging with fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) was used to scan the glucose metabolism in different brain regions of rats;Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between behavioral scores and glucose metabolism level in the CIMT group and Control group. Results On d7,the BBW score in the CIMT group and Control group was negatively correlated with glucose metabolism in the left insular cortex and the auditory cortex,and positively correlated with glucose metabolism in the right posterior hippocampus,superior colliculus,and inferior colliculus,with statistically significant differences;the FFT score was negatively correlated with glucose metabolism in the left somatosensory cortex, insular cortex and orbitofrontal cortex, and positively correlated with glucose metabolism in the right midbrain,with statistically significant differences. On d22, the BBW score in the CIMT group and Control group was positively correlated with glucose metabolism in the amygdala,caudate putamen,insular cortex and entorhinal cortex,and negatively correlated with glucose metabolism in the nucleus accumbens (Acb) core shell and caudate putamen in the right brain region,with statistically significant differences;the FFT score was negatively correlated with the entorhinal cortex in the right hemisphere and the difference was statistically significant. Conclusion The recovery of motor function promoted by CIMT was associated with the activation of both cerebral hemispheres in rats. The improvement of balance function promoted by CIMT in rats with cerebral ischemia was mainly related to the activation of Acb core shell in the right hemisphere. The recovery of fine grasping function promoted by CIMT may be related to the activation of the right entorhinal cortex.
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Human alveolar echinococcosis is a chronic infectious disease caused by Echinococcus multilocularis infection. It predominantly injuries the liver and grows like the malignant tumor. The therapeutic options and prognosis depend on types of human alveolar echinococcosis, clinical stages, biological activity, vascular invasion, pathological characteristics, and patient's immune status. However, despite of multiple classification methods, there are still lacking of comprehensive typing schemes. which leads to inappropriate diagnosis and therapy. This research systematically reviewed the recent studies on human alveolar echinococcosis at home and abroad and analyzed the classifications based on ultrasound, computer tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission computed tomography, serology and pathology, and some novel technologies and summarized the individual advantage and disadvantage for each classification Relationships and their advantages plus disadvantages have been assessed comprehensively. Meanwhile, the possible reference factors or theoretical basis for optimized future classification are proposed, in order to establish a unified classification system to provide guidance for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
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Objective To evaluate the value of multi-modality imaging (PET/CT+CAG+CMRI) in post myocardial infract (MI) patients followed coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) and autologous bone marrow stem cell (BMSC) therapy.Methods A total of 43 patients with MI (27 males, 16 females, age range: 47-72 years) were prospectively enrolled in the year 2012 between January and December.All patients underwent CABG+BMSC transplantation and were divided into 3 groups according to the time interval between two treatments (group 1: 0-3 d;group 2: 4-14 d;group 3: 15-30 d).All patients were orderly scanned with CMRI, PET/CT (13N-NH3·H2O/18F-FDG) and CAG at different time-points pre-/post-treatment.The quantitative parameters included vascular stenosis degree(VSD), LVEF, percentage size of infarction (PSI), the number of segments in mismatched myocardial perfusion/metabolic and the K value for radioactive distribution grading.One-way analysis of variance and the least significant difference t test were used to compare parameters before and after treatment in the same group and among three different groups.Results Regarding PET/CT diagnostic efficacy of abnormal myocardial segments, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 95.4%(540/566), 87.3%(144/165), 96.3%(540/561) and 84.7%(144/170), respectively.After CABG and BMSC transplantation treatments for 12 months, VSD decreased significantly((69.1±9.5)%;F=12.854, P0.05).PSI of patients in group 2 decreased greatly after 12 months treatment ((35.70±12.59)%;F=3.792, t values:-2.916-4.059, all P0.05).Conclusions Multi-modality imaging may be used for accurately detecting abnormal myocardium and predicting prognosis.CABG+BMSC therapy during day 4-14 post-MI may temporarily improve perfusion and metabolism in viable myocardium, but the long term prognosis seemed not be improved.
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Para-neoplastic neurological syndrome (PNS) is a series of rare illnesses affecting the nervous system and associated with several malignant tumors. PNS is manifested by various clinical symptoms, which conventionally precede the diagnosis of tumors in months or even years. Although anti-neuronal antibodies can indicate the presence of cancer, numerous false positive and false nega-tive cases are detected. Therefore, the clinical diagnosis of PNS has become a challenge. Position emission tomography/computed to-mography (PET/CT) is an image-fusion method containing anatomical and functional information and can be used to obtain whole-body images by a single scan. Fluoro-deoxy-glucose (FDG) PET/CT imaging can reveal potential malignant lesions in the whole body and diagnose specific types of cancer. This technology can also be applied to assess functional abnormality in the brain and moni-tor its response to treatment. Furthermore, the mechanism, clinical manifestation, and diagnosis of PNS are introduced in this study. Re-cent applications of FDG PET/CT in the diagnosis of PNS are reviewed to improve diagnostic accuracy.
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Objective To explore the changes of positron emission tomography(PET)in newborn infants with HIE through 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose(18F-FDG)and it's significance.Methods Eleven healthy newborn infants and 8 newborn infants with HIE were selected.Among the healthy newborns,7 cases were male and 4 cases were female,and the mean birth-weight was(3 350?620)g,the gestational age was(37.9?1.3)weeks.Among the HIE neonates,5 cases were male and 3 cases were female,and the mean birth weight was(3 180?390)g,the gestational age was(37.1?2.4)weeks.There were no significant differences of sex and gestational age between the 2 groups.The examination time was form 3 to 21 d,and the mean age was(8.7?3.9)d.PET of the children in 2 groups were observed after 0.1 mCi/kg 18F-FDG injected 30 min.Results The brain 18F-FDG PET image in newborn infants was relatively high in thalamus,and relatively low in cerebral cortex,whereas the total brain was different with that of the adults,and that was not as clear as that of adults.Especially in the area of cerebral cortex,the uptake of glucose was relatively higher.The structure of brain 18F-FDG image was significantly changed in newborn infants with HIE,especially increased in the areas of peripheral ventricle and hypophloeodal cerebral white matter,and there was a remarkably bilateral asymmetry.Conclusions Neonatal brain picture by 18F-FDG PET is a new tool for predicting the brain function,and its clinical values need further investigating.
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Objective:Position emission tomography/computed tomography(PET/CT) is a new bio-imaging system which is combined metabolic with anatomic imaging.This study was to compare the accuracy of conventional staging methods(including computed tomography,ultrasound,magnetic resonance imaging,and detection of bone marrow) with that of PET/CT for lymphoma staging and re-staging. Methods:A total of 42 patients with lymphoma diagnosed by operation or biopsy,received conventional and PET/CT staging.The accuracy of these two methods and their impact on lymphoma staging were compared.Results:The accuracy of PET/CT scan was 95.2%(40/42),and that of conventional staging was 78.6%(33/42).The detection rates of internal lymph node were 97.1%(66/68) and 88.2%(60/68),respectively.The detection rates of outer lymph node were 91.7%(22/24) and 58.3%(14/24),respectively.Compared with conventional staging methods,7 cases were up-staged and 2 cases were down-staged by PET/CT,which led to the change of therapy in 8 cases.Conclusion:PET/CT scan is more sensitive and accurate than conventional staging methods in staging and restaging of lymphoma.
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The article introduces the principle of position emission tomography(PET),radiolabeling substance and radiotrace.Through comparing the different values between 11 C Acetate and 18 F FDG in HCC(Hepatocellular Carcinoma)imaging,it states the importance of using these two kinds of radiotracer to detect tumor in PET examination.Meanwhile,the article also discusses the applicative condition of 11 C Acetate in PET imaging,which demonstrates that the selection of crystal plays a key role in applying different radiotrace in PET imaging.